Research paper
Taxonomy and affinities of African cenozoic metatherians
VICENTE D. CRESPO
CONICET, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina; 2División Paleontología Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. vidacres@gmail.com
Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina. Paseo del Bosque s/n, B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina.
Corresponding author
FRANCISCO J. GOIN
CONICET, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina; 2División Paleontología Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. fgoin@fcnym.unlp.edu.ar.
Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina. Paseo del Bosque s/n, B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina.
ABSTRACT
The record of extinct African metatherians (Mammalia, Theria) is scanty, restricted in time (Eocene–Miocene), and its taxonomy is still subject of debate. A review of all African metatherians, or alleged metatherians, known up to now, led us to the recognition of only three taxa referable to this group: (1) Kasserinotherium tunisiense (Peradectoidea?), from the early Eocene of Tunisia; (2) Peratherium africanum (Herpetotheriidae), from the early Oligocene of Egypt and Oman, and (3) an indeterminate Herpetotheriidae? from the early Miocene of Uganda. Herpetotheriids probably reached Afro-Arabia from Europe in one or more dispersal waves since the early Oligocene. Kasserinotherium, on the contrary, suggests an earlier (Paleocene) arrival from South America, judging from its alleged affinities with South American and Australian taxa. Such a migration event (probably, through a filter corridor such as the Rio Grande Rise-Walvis Ridge system in the South Atlantic) may also explain the enigmatic presence of polydolopimorphian metatherians in the Cenozoic of central Anatolia (Turkey). A more radical hypothesis is that all European (Eurasian?) Marsupialiformes have an ultimate origin in South America, from where they dispersed via Africa by the Paleocene–earliest Eocene.
Key words: Mammalia, Metatheria, Africa, Cenozoic, Biogeography.
How to cite: Crespo, V. D., & Goin, F. J 2021. Taxonomy and affinities of African cenozoic metatherians. Spanish Journal of Palaeontology, 36 (2), 133-148.
Received 20 January 2021, Accepted 24 May 2021, Published online: 28 June 2021
https://doi.org/10.7203/sjp.36.2.20974
